Confound It, statistics homework help

Confound It

In the English language, “to confound” means “to confuse or distort.” In the language of statistics, “confounding” refers to possession of a distorted view of the relationship between variables. A confounder, thus, is a variable that distorts the relationship of two other variables.

Consider the following two examples of variables that have distorted other relationships: 

  • The use of cigarettes distorted the relationship of coffee drinking to bladder cancer. You could easily overestimate the relationship of coffee and bladder cancer if you did not also consider cigarette use. Cigarette use is related to both coffee drinking and bladder cancer and is, therefore, a confounder of that relationship.
  • The seasonal effect of summer distorted the relationship of ice cream and polio. Researchers believed that the exposure to ice cream increased the risk of polio among children. In reality, polio was more active in summer and children ate more ice cream in summer so that relationship was confounded by summer.

In the examples from the weekly introduction, the original research did not consider the confounder and, therefore, reached spurious conclusions. In your future research, you need to be able to identify both measured and non-measured variables that could confound the relationships you wish to evaluate. 

For this Discussion, select a peer-reviewed article from the Walden library that identifies an exposure and disease that appear to be related. Review the measured confounders and the effects that they have on that relationship.

With these thoughts in mind:

Post by Day 4 a brief description of the article that you selected, including an explanation of the relationship between exposure and disease. Describe the confounders that the authors identified. Describe a variable not measured in the article that might also confound the relationship between exposure and disease and explain why. Explain one potential effect that the non-measured variable might have on the relationship and explain how. Explain one way that you could counteract the effects of that non-measured variable.

Paper should be at 2 2/1 to 3 pages long

Show more







Calculate Your Essay Price
(550 words)

Approximate price: $22

Calculate the price of your order

550 words
We'll send you the first draft for approval by September 11, 2018 at 10:52 AM
Total price:
$26
The price is based on these factors:
Academic level
Number of pages
Urgency
Basic features
  • Free title page and bibliography
  • Unlimited revisions
  • Plagiarism-free guarantee
  • Money-back guarantee
  • 24/7 support
On-demand options
  • Writer’s samples
  • Part-by-part delivery
  • Overnight delivery
  • Copies of used sources
  • Expert Proofreading
Paper format
  • 275 words per page
  • 12 pt Arial/Times New Roman
  • Double line spacing
  • Any citation style (APA, MLA, Chicago/Turabian, Harvard)

Our guarantees

Delivering a high-quality product at a reasonable price is not enough anymore.
That’s why we have developed 5 beneficial guarantees that will make your experience with our service enjoyable, easy, and safe.

Money-back guarantee

You have to be 100% sure of the quality of your product to give a money-back guarantee. This describes us perfectly. Make sure that this guarantee is totally transparent.

Read more

Zero-plagiarism guarantee

Each paper is composed from scratch, according to your instructions. It is then checked by our plagiarism-detection software. There is no gap where plagiarism could squeeze in.

Read more

Free-revision policy

Thanks to our free revisions, there is no way for you to be unsatisfied. We will work on your paper until you are completely happy with the result.

Read more

Privacy policy

Your email is safe, as we store it according to international data protection rules. Your bank details are secure, as we use only reliable payment systems.

Read more

Fair-cooperation guarantee

By sending us your money, you buy the service we provide. Check out our terms and conditions if you prefer business talks to be laid out in official language.

Read more

Order your essay today and save 10% with the coupon code: best10